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Guidelines for meta-analyses and systematic reviews in urology

16 September 2025

In an effort to improve the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analysis in the clinical urology literature, a group of statisticians developed a set of guidelines to address common errors of analysis, reporting and interpretation. One key focus is the assessment and interpretation of between-studies heterogeneity. Application of the guidelines will help avoid ‘cookie cutter science’ and lead to more considered analysis and interpretation of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

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Trial design drives outcomes: harmonising efficacy across BCG‐unresponsive bladder carcinoma in situ trials

26 September 2026

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Trainees' Corner October 2026

23 September 2026

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Correction to “Functional and quality of life outcomes of localised prostate cancer treatments (Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment [ProtecT] study)”

23 September 2026

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Comparing diagnostic prostate cancer biomarkers using a framework of clinically meaningful criteria

22 September 2026

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Lower trust in artificial intelligence than physicians coexists with high willingness to engage in artificial intelligence‐assisted prostate cancer management among active surveillance patients

22 September 2026

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Mixed reality applications in percutaneous stone surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of stone‐free rate and perioperative complications

22 September 2026

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From stone‐free to stone‐load reduction: a volumetric perspective on surgical and functional outcomes

22 September 2026

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Reproducibility of Aquablation outcomes across surgeon experience levels: A descriptive analysis of published studies

21 September 2026

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Impact of operative time on complications after PCNL in the elderly (aged ≥70 years): the Safety and Efficacy of Nephrolithotomy in Older patients undergoing PCNL (SENIOR‐PCNL) study

21 September 2026

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Patient‐reported outcomes after open and robotic radical prostatectomy: a New Zealand registry study

21 September 2026

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The use of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging in active surveillance of prostate cancer

19 September 2026

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eLearning

Bootcamp 2026 reading list

15 September 2026

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Guidelines for meta-analyses and systematic reviews in urology

Featured modules

Are all PDE5 inhibitors the same?

Investigations of haematuria in the child

Vascular anastomoses and ureteric implantation techniques

(Minor) gynaecological disorders in childhood

Transurethral enucleation of the prostate: techniques and outcomes

Investigation and management of upper tract duplication and ectopic ureter

Varicocelectomy: which approach?

Penile plastic operations in childhood

Risks and complications of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in male infertility

Robotic-assisted retroperitoneal pyeloplasty: indications and key steps

Pharmacological prophylaxis in urological surgery: why and how?

Complications of vasectomy including post-vasectomy pain syndrome

Phalloplasty following amputation for penile cancer

Surgical approaches for polycystic nephrectomy

Key steps to perform a laparoscopic dismembered transperitoneal pyeloplasty

Vesico-ureteric reflux: natural history, investigation and non-surgical management

Step-by-step technical considerations in semi-rigid ureteroscopy

Paediatric pyeloplasty: open operative technique and outcome

Aetiology, presentation and management of prostatic abscess

Defining and obtaining informed consent

Epispadias: epidemiology, investigation and management

Video step-by-step: thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP)

Classification and management of genital and testicular trauma

How to evaluate and manage fungal infections of the penis

Point-of-care ultrasound for testicular torsion

Prostate MRI: how should MRI be practically used in active surveillance?

Making the right decision – bias in clinical practice and how to manage it

Operative interventions for paediatric renal calculi

Professionalism: definitions and principles

Klinefelter syndrome and success of sperm retrieval

Technical modifications during radical prostatectomy to speed recovery of urinary incontinence

Non-surgical management of massive blood loss in the urological patient

Upper tract cancer questions

Robotic pelvic lymph node dissection for penile cancer

Surgical management of the neuropathic bladder: long-term outcomes and complications

Step-by-step technical considerations for laparoscopic and robotic partial nephrectomy

How to manage non-functioning kidney in genitourinary tuberculosis

What are the challenges of managing stones in renal calyceal diverticula?

Principles, methods and outcomes of primary management of bladder exstrophy

The aetiopathogenesis of genitourinary infections and antibiotic resistance mechanisms

Aetiopathogenesis and management of urinary tract infections in patients with spinal cord injury

Anastomotic urethroplasty for pelvic fracture urethral injury (PFUI)

Robotic urinary reconstruction

The role of tissue engineering for urethral stricture disease

Female urology questions 1

Female urology questions 2

Single-stage glans resurfacing and dorsal BMG urethroplasty

Long-term complications of posterior urethral valves (PUV)

Current role of venous leakage surgeries

Management of the transiently hypertensive and confused patient after TURP

Review of the role of imaging in testicular torsion

Brachytherapy for prostate cancer

Optimal use and interpretation of uroflow studies

Vasectomy reversal: predictors of success

Andrology and infertility questions 1

Andrology and infertility questions 2

Andrology and infertility questions 3

Andrology and infertility questions 4

Prostatic artery embolisation in the management of BPH

Robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy

HDR brachytherapy for prostate cancer

The genetics and genomics of prostate cancer

Testicular cancer questions

Management of low-pressure and high-pressure chronic retention

Aetiology and diagnosis of chronic bacterial prostatitis (Type II) and chronic pelvic pain syndrome

Surgical and non-surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse

Key steps to perform an open dismembered pyeloplasty

Using 5-alpha reductase inhibitors for LUTS

Bridging the gap: navigating the transition to registrar in urology

Robotic renal transplantation in morbidly obese patients

Penile plication

The management and follow-up of ureteric strictures

TRUS biopsy and multi-resistant bacterial infection

Aetiopathogenesis and management of catheter-associated urinary tract infections

Direct transmesocolic approach to renal hilum in laparoscopic RN for large renal mass

Guidelines for varicocelectomy in a young male